【華為預計 2022 完成 20nm 晶片生產線】
Financial Times
https://www.ft.com/content/84eb666e-0af3-48eb-8b60-3f53b19435cb
Huawei is working on plans for a dedicated chip plant in Shanghai that
would not use American technology, enabling it to secure supplies for its
core telecom infrastructure business despite US sanctions.
華為正在製定計劃在上海建立一家不使用美國技術的專用芯片廠，
從而儘管受到美國的製裁，仍可以為其核心電信基礎設施業務確保供應。
Two people briefed on the project said the plant would be run by a partner,
Shanghai IC R&D Center, a chip research company backed by the Shanghai
Municipal government.
關於該項目的兩個人說，該工廠將由合作夥伴上海集成電路研究與開發中心（上海研發中
心）運營，這是一家由上海市政府支持的芯片研究公司。
Industry experts said the project could help Huawei, which has no experience
in fabricating chips, chart a path to long-term survival.
業內專家表示，該項目可以幫助沒有芯片製造經驗的華為找到長期生存的道路。
US export controls imposed in May and tightened in August leverage American
companies’ dominance of certain chip-manufacturing equipment and chip-design
software to block semiconductor supplies to Huawei.
5月開始實施的美國出口管制於8月收緊，這充分利用了美國公司在某些芯片製造設備和芯
片設計軟件方面的主導地位，從而阻止了向華為供應半導體。
Industry experts said the planned local facility would be a potential new
source for semiconductors after stocks of imported chips Huawei has been
accumulating since last year ran out.
業內專家表示，自去年以來華為積壓的進口芯片庫存用完之後，計劃中的本地工廠將成為
半導體的潛在新來源。
The fabrication plant will initially experiment with making low-end 45nm
chips, a technology global leaders in chipmaking started using 15 years ago.
該製造工廠最初將嘗試製造低端45nm芯片，這是15年前開始在芯片製造領域全球領先的技
術。
But Huawei wants to make more advanced 28nm chips by the end of next year,
according to chip industry engineers and executives familiar with the
project. Such a plan would allow Huawei to make smart TVs and other “
internet of things” devices.
但據熟悉該項目的芯片行業工程師和高管稱，華為希望在明年年底之前生產更先進的28nm
芯片。這樣的計劃將使華為能夠製造智能電視和其他“物聯網”設備。
Huawei then aims to produce 20nm chips by late 2022, which could be used to
make most of its 5G telecoms equipment and allow that business to continue
even with the US sanctions.
然後，華為計劃到2022年下半年生產20nm芯片，該芯片可用於製造其大部分5G電信設備，
並使該業務即使受到美國製裁也能繼續發展。
“The planned new production line will not help with the smartphone business
since chipsets needed for smartphones need to be produced at more advanced
technology nodes,” said a semiconductor industry executive briefed on the
plans.
一位半導體行業高管向計劃簡報說：“計劃中的新生產線將不會對智能手機業務有所幫助
，因為智能手機所需的芯片組需要在更先進的技術節點上生產。”
“But if it succeeds, it can become a bridge to a sustainable future for
their infrastructure business, in combination with the inventory they have
built and which should last for two years or so,” he said.
他說：“但是，如果成功的話，它可以成為基礎設施業務通往可持續未來的橋樑，結合他
們已經建立的存貨，存貨將持續兩年左右。”
“They possibly can do it, in maybe two years,” said Mark Li, a
semiconductor analyst at Bernstein in Hong Kong.
“他們可能會在兩年內做到這一點，”香港伯恩斯坦半導體分析師馬克·李說。
He added that while the chips Huawei needed for making mobile network base
stations would ideally be made on 14nm or more advanced process technology,
using 28nm was possible.
他補充說，儘管華為製造移動網絡基站所需的芯片理想上將採用14納米或更先進的工藝技
術製造，但使用28納米是可能的。
“Huawei can make up for the shortcomings on the software and system side,”
he said. Chinese producers could tolerate higher costs and operational
inefficiencies than their offshore competitors.
他說：“華為可以彌補軟件和系統方面的不足。” 中國生產商可以承受比其海外競爭對
手更高的成本和運營效率低下的問題。